Neptune’s Rings In Infrared © JWST

Newton's Three Laws of Motion

What are they?

Generally speaking, Newton's Three Laws of Motion are some of the most important laws in science. They are the fundamentals, and they are necessary for basic physics. They may seem complicated and jargon-y at first, but they are actually very understandable once broken down. So let's go over them!

Law of Inertia

Newton's Law of of Inertia states that "An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion at constant speed and in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force." 

First, let's go over inertia, which this law is about. Inertia is the tendency of objects to remain the same. So basically, what this law is saying is that an object that is not moving, will stay not moving, and an object that is moving will continue moving in the same direction and speed that it is going. The last phrase in this law, "unless acted on by an unbalanced force" is basically just saying that due to inertia, objects will remain the same unless another force (eg. gravity, friction, air resistance, etc.) changes/affects the object. 

For example: a marble rolling on the floor will continue rolling in the same direction and at the same speed. Common sense says this makes no sense because obviously, the marble would eventually stop rolling. This is because although it may not seem as obvious, there actually is a force acting on the marble--friction from the floor. The friction acting on the marble slows it down until it eventually comes to a stop. 

Law of Acceleration

Newton's Law of Acceleration states that "The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied."

Most times Newton's Second Law is summarized as the equation F = ma, where F = net force in a system, m = mass of object(s), and a = acceleration of object(s). This law is pretty simple, it mostly is just saying that the force applied to an object depends on the acceleration of the ojbect and the mass of the object, or any other variation of this statement. In practice, you just need to input the necessary information into this equation to solve for the unknown variable. One lovely thing about F = ma is its simplicity; it only requires basicaly algebra to solve and is easy to remember. It also merits a mention that of all the equations you need to memorize for school, this is one of the most important ones (especially for physics), it should be up there in your brain with c^2 = a^2+b^2 and the quadratic formula. 

Here's an example: If a 5 kg bowling ball is rolling down the bowling alley with an acceleration of 2 m/s^2, what is the force being applied to the bowling ball? To solve this simple problem, you can input the mass and acceleration of the bowling ball into F = ma, so F = 5 kg * 2 m/s^2, meaning the force applied to the bowling ball is 10 kg m/s^2, or 10 N.

(Note: Force is usually in N, or newtons, and kg m/s^2 = N)

Law of Action and Reaction

Newton's Law of Action and Reaction states that "Whenever one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite on the first."

You've probably have heard the saying "What goes up must come down" before. Well, this law isn't too far off from that, and the concept is pretty similar. This law is actually pretty self-explanatory; it's basically saying that for every action force, there will be an opposing reaction force that is the same strength and in the opposite direction. The law also stipulates that the two objects in the action/reaction force pair are acting on two DIFFERENT objects (so an object won't exert a reaction force unto itself). It's pretty simple when put in words, but this law is best explained using examples. 

For instance: If you jump off a skateboard, you will go forward (the skateboard is pushing you), and the skateboard will go backwards (you are pushing the skateboard). 

Another example: When you jump on a trampoline, you go up and you will notice that the trampoline will (temporarily) go down. 

Summary

This graphic from Owlcation.com describes Newton's Laws quite well: 

I wish I could just invent an entire branch of mathematics just because I needed it to perform other experiments...

Isaac Newton invented calculus to perform his other experiments

Influenced by Galileo & Kepler, Newton became the father of physics

there is a lot of math in physics . . .

"If you want to be a physicist, you must do three things -first , study mathematics, second, study more mathematics, and third, do the same."

Arnold Sommerfeld

Neutral good when the question asks for fractions in the answer

Decimals anytime else

Chaotic good - same as my D&D alignment

Cosmic Witch Head © Utkarsh Mishra

Messier 101 : Big, beautiful spiral galaxy M101 is one of the last entries in Charles Messier’s famous catalog, but definitely not one of the least. About 170,000 light-years across, this galaxy is enormous, almost twice the size of our own Milky Way. M101 was also one of the original spiral nebulae observed by Lord Rosse’s large 19th century telescope, the Leviathan of Parsontown. Assembled from 51 exposures recorded by the Hubble Space Telescope in the 20th and 21st centuries, with additional data from ground based telescopes, this mosaic spans about 40,000 light-years across the central region of M101 in one of the highest definition spiral galaxy portraits ever released from Hubble. The sharp image shows stunning features of the galaxy’s face-on disk of stars and dust along with background galaxies, some visible right through M101 itself. Also known as the Pinwheel Galaxy, M101 lies within the boundaries of the northern constellation Ursa Major, about 25 million light-years away. via NASA

bro i can’t come to the phone right now, neptune has a moon that shines like a star.

Psychology 😂

Physics: i mean you could technically lick a pulley (might be harder if it's moving) jkjk

Software engineering hits a little bit too close to home

Astronomy...why can i not disagree with this statement 😂

Astronomy I-