Do You Have Any Helpful Links For AP Euro?

Guess the gender

Are feminine:

-tion nouns (Action, Lactation)

-o borrowed English words (Vidéo, Radio)

regular -eur nouns (Chaleur, Fleur) as opposed to 'fancy' existential concepts (Malheur, Honneur)

-ère, -(t)rice, -euse job titles (Boulangère, Actrice, Coiffeuse)

-twice the same consonant+e nouns, adjectives, pronouns (Princesse, Feuille, Quelle, Cette, Grosse) - expect Gramme

most -ée nouns (Mariée, Durée) - except greek words Apogée, Lycée, Scarabée

many -e nouns (Bouteille, Douche)

most -oix nouns (Noix, Voix) - except Choix

disciplines (Littérature, Physique)

continents (Afrique, Océanie)

-e countries and regions (Bretagne, Italie)

Are masculine:

most -consonant nouns (Chien, Matelas)

-er, -(t)eur job titles (Fermier, Facteur)

-ail/eil nouns (Orteil, Travail)

-euil/ueil nouns (Fauteuil, Accueil)

-asme, -isme nouns (Enthousiasme, Féminisme)

certain -e nouns (Livre, Mérite)

-eau nouns (Jumeau, Pinceau)

-scope nouns (Microscope, Téléscope)

-oire nouns, most likely (Auditoire) - expect Passoire

-ment nouns (Enterrement, Habillement)

cardinal points (Ouest, Nord)

languages (Italien, Polonais)

days, months, seasons (Hiver, Janvier)

trees (Chêne, Saule pleureur)

not -e countries and regions (Maroc, Japon)

Depends:

-é (Amitié, Résumé) - existential concepts are feminine (Beauté, Charité), simple words seem to often be masculine (Karaté, Été); exceptions: Acné, Clé, Psyché

-age nouns - masculine if it's added to an existing prefix, feminine if not (Le claquage, Le mirage, La page, La rage)

It’s essay writing season for tons of students!

After being a college writing tutor for over a year, I thought I would share my advice with all you awesome people on tumblr. This is how I write essays, but if you’ve got more tips, feel free to add them below. 

Happy writing. You can do it!

i was struggling with the agreement of prepositions, so i made these reference sheets with the help of my french teacher! Let me know if there’s anything I need to correct, grammatically or visually!

♥French Vocabulary : flowers ♥

une fleur = a flower

un fleuriste = a florist

un pétale = a petal

une rose = a rose

un bleuet = a cornflower

un lys = a lily

une marguerite = a daisy

une tulipe = a tulip

une violette = a violet

un tournesol = a sunflower

un oeillet = a carnation

fleurir = to bloom

un jardin = a garden

une graine = a seed

creuser = to dig

arroser = to water

coloré = colourful

(by Francesco Hayez)

DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP

I dunno if you ever heard of this couple before but they are legendary for French langblrs and any student studying French. 

Now who are they? 

Well, it’s more like what are they. DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP is a popular acronym and mnemonic to help students remember the verbs that use être for passé composé instead of avoir.

Ex:

      J’ai reçu mes cadeaux .

      I received my presents. 

However for Vandertramp verbs, être is their player.

Ex:

      Je suis sorti mon lycée. 

      I left my highschool. 

Which verbs are Vandertramp verbs?

D - devenir ( to become ) 

R - revenir ( to come back ) 

&

M - monter ( to go up)

R - rentrer ( to return ) 

S - sortir ( to leave )

V - venir ( to come )

A - aller ( to go )

N - naître ( to be born )

D - descendre ( to descend / to go down )

E - entrer ( to enter )

R - retourner ( to return )

T - tomber ( to fall )

R - rester ( to remain )

A - arriver ( to arrive )

M - mourir ( to die )

P - partir ( to leave / to part )

When using these verbs in passé composé, remember that these verbs are être ( to be ) exempted from using avoir in this tense. I really hope this helps you guys in your language journey, trust me, this mnemonic saved me in many paragraphs and papers I had to submit in my French classes. Let me know if you have any questions or if you want to add onto this !

Hoping for better days,

Kopi <3

How are you learning ASL? My local colleges don't offer any classes :(

That's a great question lmao! I'm currently on a break from active review and new vocabulary. But I have resources I can offer you.

Here’s emmastudies’ resource post

Here’s someone you can follow on instagram: Nyle DiMarco

Rochelle Barlow has a lot of resources. I caution this one, just because I’m genuinely wary of people who sell their method as being above all methods. She has some good points--language learning should be fun--but it also does take work and practice. You can just make those things a little less painful.

My old ass post about ASL still have a lot of resources I use, and the top one I recommend is ASL University. That’s where I got the majority of my basic vocab.

I am fortunate that we have Deaf Studies at this university, but it doesn’t have to be the only way. I would try to find a study buddy to hold you accountable--I’ve found, especially in the pandemic, it’s sooo hard and sooo isolating to endeavor with this kind of stuff alone.

Please let me know if you need more resources/help! 

Reading French: Well shit this might as well be english I can read this quickly and with 100% understanding wow

Listening to French: *blank expression staring light years past the person as my facial features slowly petrify*

Negations

A

Au grand jamais - never 

Aucun-e(s) - none : Je n’en ai vu aucun / I have seen none of them  

Aucunement (rare) - by no means 

D

Dégun (southern slang) - no one 

E

En aucun cas - under no circumstance 

En aucune façon - under no circumstance 

En aucune manière - under no circumstance 

En rien - under no circumstance 

G

Goutte - nothing (old, rare) : On n’y voit goutte ici / We can’t see anything

Guère - almost not/nothing (old, rare) : Ce n’est guère plus rapide que le train / This isn’t any faster than the train 

J

Jamais - never : Plus jamais ça! / Never again! 

Jamais au grand jamais - never ever (dramatic)

Jamais de la vie - never ever 

K

Keud (slang), short que ‘que dalle’ (slang for Nothing)

Keutchi (slang) 

N

N’ - ne + vowel : Je ne t’aime pas / I don’t love you 

Nada - nothing at all : - Did you hear about that? - Nada! 

Nan (slang) - nah 

Ne - not : Je ne sais pas / I don’t know 

Ni - neither/nor : Je n’ai vu ni le chien ni le chat depuis que je suis arrivée / I haven’t seen neither the cat nor the dog since I got here 

Niet - nope! (often angry) 

Non - no 

Non plus - (n)either : Je ne sais pas non plus / I don’t know either 

Non plus que

Nul-le - none : Nos jeunes filles à nous sont tellement accomplies, que nulle des filles d’Ève ne peut lutter avec elles ! — (Modeste Mignon, Honoré de Balzac, 1844)

Nulle part - nowhere : Je ne le vois nulle part / I can’t see him anywhere 

Nullement - not in any way 

O

Ô/oh grand jamais : never ever (dramatic)

P

Pas - not : Je ne sais pas / I don’t know 

Pas autrement - not any other way : C’est comme ça et pas autrement

Pas encore - not yet 

Pas forcément - not necessarily 

Pas plus que

Pas un-e - not one : - Did they offer their help? - Pas un! 

Pas un chat - not one cat : Il n’y a pas un chat / There’s no one here 

Personne - nobody : Il n’y a personne ici / There’s no one here 

Plus : no more - Je ne t’aime plus / I don’t love you anymore 

Point - not : Je ne sais point / I don’t know (rare, old)

Q

Que dalle (slang) - nothing : - Did you know about that? - Que dalle! 

Que nenni - no (old) : - Are they here yet? - Que nenni! 

Que tchi (slang) - nothing 

Queude (slang, short for Que dalle) - nothing 

R

Rien - nothing : Je ne vois rien / I don’t see anything 

un chat / une chatte  a cat (m.) / (f.) un chaton   a kitten un matou   a tomcat un chat domestique   a house cat / a domestic cat un (chat) persan   a persian cat un (chat) siamois   a siamese cat un (chat) tigré   a tabby cat le pélage, le poil   fur les pattes (f.)   paws les griffes rétractiles   retractable claws la queue   tail une litière   a litter box une chatière   a cat flap / a cat door la nourriture pour chat    cat food ronronner   to purr miauler   to meow feuler   to yowl

French Prepositions

and how else they can be used

I don’t know about y’all, but prepositions are the WORST. They hardly ever directly translate between languages and when they do, there are so many exceptions it doesn’t even matter. So, I’ve done some research and I’ll try to make the list as comprehensive as possible :) 

OKAY ! So here is the most basic “to and from” list. 

But as you know, French is not that easy. You will also see de and à frequently interspersed between verbs and even used as adverbs and adjectives. Below I have listed a few verbs that take these prepositions. 

Verbs that require the preposition à

Aider (quelqu'un) à (to help someone to)

S’amuser à (to amuse oneself)

Avoir à (to have to)

Apprendre à (to learn how to)

Avoir de la peine à (to have difficulty)

Commencer à

Continuer à

The preposition à can also be used to indicate place, time, manner or possession

À droite (on the right)

À loisir (at leisure)

À la compagne (in the mountains)

À la française ([in] the french way)

Cette voiture est à toi? (This car is yours?)

Verbs that require the preposition de

S’arreter de

Cesser de

Choisir de

Décider de

Se dépêcher de (to be in a hurry

Essayer de

Finir de

Oublier de

Refuser de

Verbs that can be followed by both

Conseiller à (quelqu’un) de (faire quelque chose)

Défendre à… de

Demander à…de

Dire à… de

Offrir à … de

Permettre à… de

Promettre à… de

Proposer à… de

Suggérer à…de

Hope this helps !!